Bringing powerful people, organisations and criminals to justice, investigative journalism is a vital part of democracy. Without it, wrongdoing and abuse can go unreported and tycoons, corrupt officials and criminal networks operate in relative impunity.
It requires real immersive work and a commitment to a cause. Those interested in becoming an investigative journalist should consider starting out with a local radio station or newspaper and working their way up, building a portfolio of work that is impressive. A postgraduate degree in journalism or a similar subject is also worth considering.
Investigative journalists use a variety of tools and methodologies to find and examine large volumes of documents, data, financial information, and other relevant material for the stories they write. This process can be very time consuming, and often involves digging into the past and researching as much as possible, including finding and analysing evidence from a number of sources – both on and off the record. They should also ensure that everything they publish or air is fully accurate and factual.
Investigations can take months, or even years to complete. However, sometimes a short, sharp piece of work can be equally effective if it exposes significant issues – for example, when a hotel or bridge collapses and kills many people.
Throughout history, investigative journalism has been critical to shining a light on social injustice and political corruption. For example, the Watergate scandal was brought down by Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein’s meticulous reporting. It is therefore essential that journalists continue to be vigilant and that investigative journalism receives the resources it needs to thrive.